Why and how does abuse cause “personality disorders”?
This question is too complex. You are asking many questions in one and it would take too long to answer it. To find out the symptoms of personality disorders, look up DSM IV and Wikipedia. The main reason people who are abused develop various disorders is that they seek to avoid situations that cause them to relive the trauma. If they experienced an intense event or repeated abuse, they may develop another personality that protects the abused personality and treated the event as if it was being observed while denying that they were abused, so that their are two personalities, one with low self esteem that was abused and couldn’t avoid it and one with higher self esteem who observed as if from above and tries to hold the other personality together. Personality disorders or anxiety disorders may develop because the person has low self esteem, seeks to avoid memory of the abuse, and requires constant assurance to feel safe and secure because they don’t have self-assurance.